Apparently this is a rare issue. However, it did cost me four days of mucking with my laptop to fix.
The Red Gate ANTS uninstaller doesn’t always remove it’s services, even though the files are gone. For some reason, this causes Vista to reboot almost immediately after getting to the login screen. The fix is simple:
SC DELETE "ANTS Performance Profiler 4 Service" SC DELETE "ANTS Memory Profiler 4 Service"
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A couple of commands from the command prompt will clear the services. Try using ‘last known configuration’ to get you to that command prompt. Safe Mode didn’t work for me.